Polarized Society

Polarized Society examines the profound divisions characterizing contemporary Western societies, where modern mass-affluent middle-class societies have transformed into postmodern class societies fractured along multiple lines of tradition, identity, and participation in wealth and power. This comprehensive study analyzes six critical dividing lines: cosmopolitanism versus communitarianism, political left versus political right, education winners versus education losers, established versus outsider identities, cultural versus economic capital, and ruling versus ruled classes. The book uniquely synthesizes diverse literatures on populism, democracy, and social change within a coherent theoretical framework based on social theory and historical sociology. Drawing on Alexis de Tocqueville's classical analysis of American democracy, it provides an in-depth examination of Trumpism as a manifestation of deeper societal transformations. The study concludes by discussing practical strategies for overcoming social divisions and restoring societal cohesion, offering solutions to one of the most pressing challenges of our time, and placing emphasis on the role of rebuilding bridging social capital. This innovative and timely work is addressed to academics and advanced students in the social sciences, economics, legal studies, history, and humanities, as well as policymakers, journalists, and the broader public interested in understanding contemporary political and social conflicts and the debates around polarization dominating Western politics and media.