Contemporary Islamist Opposition in Morocco

<p>This book offers an in-depth and yet-unexplored analysis of the evolution and actions of Moroccan Islamist association Justice and Spirituality (<i>al-Adl wa-l-Ihsane</i>). By examining its mobilisation structure, the book enhances the understanding of Islamism as an oppositional force in non-democratic regimes, with a particular focus on Morocco. Contrary to the common premises of inclusion–moderation theory, <i>al-Adl wa-l-Ihsane</i> has undergone a politicisation process but rejects political inclusion; it promotes street mobilisation but refuses to resort to violence. Despite its illegal status and disregard for the regime’s red lines, <i>al-Adl wa-l-Ihsane</i> remains highly relevant as an anti-establishment actor. <br><br>This book fills a significant gap in knowledge about <i>al-Adl wa-l-Ihsane</i>. It further broadens the understanding of inclusion–moderation theory by introducing novel explanatory factors for <i>al-Adl wa-l-Ihsane’s</i> evolution and strategies, such as responses to shifts in opportunity structures and the impact of internal dynamics and learning mechanisms.</p>