Textbook of Evolutionary Biology

This textbook introduces evolutionary biology through a structured and updated approach. It explains the subject using examples from genetics, ecology, microbiology, and technology. The book focuses on both basic concepts and recent developments in the field. It starts with the foundations of evolution, including its history, theories, and role in society. It then covers molecular evolution, the origin of life, and cellular changes. Microbial evolution is discussed with examples like antibiotic resistance and climate effects. Evidence from fossils, anatomy, and biogeography supports the understanding of evolution. Theories such as Darwinism, Lamarckism, and the modern synthesis are explained. The book also explores patterns and mechanisms of evolution, speciation, and animal distribution. Adaptations and adaptive radiation are described across different animal groups. Geological and zoogeographical topics include barriers to distribution and the geological time scale. The final chapters focus on fossilization, ancestry of animals and humans, and the future of evolution with AI and robotics. Each chapter includes a questionnaire for review. This book is useful for students in life sciences, zoology, botany, and evolutionary biology. It supports exam preparation for NEET, CSIR-NET, GATE, and civil services. It is also helpful for educators, researchers, and anyone interested in understanding evolution in a modern context.